Leg swelling-what are the most common causes and how to avoid it?

There are several potential causes of leg swelling [pedal edema], including:

1. Venous insufficiency: This occurs when the veins in the legs are not able to efficiently return blood to the heart, leading to pooling of blood in the legs and swelling.
2. Lymphedema: This is a condition that occurs when the lymphatic system is damaged or not functioning properly, causing fluid to build up in the tissues and lead to swelling.
3. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT): This is a condition in which a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the leg, and can cause swelling in the affected leg.
4. Heart failure: When the heart is not able to pump blood effectively, fluid can build up in the legs and cause swelling.
5. Kidney disease: Kidney disease can cause fluid to build up in the body, including in the legs, leading to swelling.
6. Pregnancy: Swelling in the legs is common during pregnancy due to the increased pressure on the veins in the legs and the accumulation of fluid in the body.

There are other potential causes of leg swelling as well. If you are experiencing leg swelling, it is important to speak with a healthcare professional to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.

How to check if you have leg edema or not?

Press on the leg anteriorly on the shin with your index and middle finger or thumb to check for swelling. If it forms a dimple, then it means there is swelling.  It gives valuable information regarding fluid status of the body thereby giving a clear understanding of the functional status of multiple organs. 

Don’t massage the legs if you have swelling on the legs. It could be blood clots and they can go to lungs and cause shortness of breath and even death. Talk to your family doctor first.

How to improve the leg swelling at home?

1. Lie down on your back and elevate your feet and ankles above the level of your heart. You can use a couple of pillows or a footrest to prop your feet up.
2. Stay in this position for at least 15-30 minutes at a time, several times a day.
3. Avoid crossing your legs while sitting or standing, as this can inhibit circulation.
4. Wear comfortable, loose-fitting clothing and avoid tight socks or hosiery.
5. Stay active and move around as much as possible. Regular physical activity can help improve circulation and reduce swelling.

It’s important to speak with a healthcare professional if you are experiencing persistent or severe edema, as it could be a sign of an underlying medical condition. They can recommend the most appropriate treatment for your specific situation.